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Koniak-Griffin, D., Anderson, N. L., Verzemnieks, I., & Brecht, M. L. (2000). A public health nursing early intervention program for adolescent mothers: Outcomes from pregnancy through 6 weeks postpartum. Nursing Research, 49(3), 130–138.

Manuscript screening details
Screening decision Screening conclusion HomVEE procedures and standards version
Passes screens Eligible for review Version 1
Study design details
Rating Design Attrition Baseline equivalence Compromised randomization Confounding factors Valid, reliable measure(s)
High Randomized controlled trial Low Not Applicable None None Not assessed in manuscripts reviewed before 2021
Notes:

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High rating applies to 12 outcomes. Analyses of two outcomes—NCAST total score and NCAST mother’s score—receive a moderate rating because of high attrition.

Study characteristics
Study participants Participants were recruited via referrals to a county public health department and assigned randomly to either the intervention or the comparison group. Initially 144 mothers were randomly assigned, 75 to the treatment group and 69 to the comparison group (information obtained from authors). One hundred twenty-one young mothers and their children participated in the study. Most were poor, unmarried, and expecting their first child. Mothers ranged in age from 14 to 19 years old at intake (26 weeks or less gestation). Sixty-four percent of the mothers were Latina, 11 percent were African American, and 20 percent were white. Participants were followed from pregnancy through six weeks postpartum. Note: This study contains follow up on the same samples as Koniak-Griffin et al. (1999).
Setting The study was conducted in San Bernardino County, California, a large, ethnically diverse county adjacent to Los Angeles.
Intervention services The intervention included a combination of home visits and motherhood preparation classes, both conducted by specially trained public health nurses. The intervention began in mid-pregnancy and continued through the first year of the infant’s life. Participants received approximately 17 home visits by a public health nurse. Each visit lasted between two and two and a half hours. In addition, participants attended four “Preparation for Motherhood” classes lasting six hours each. In addition, The intervention covered five main content areas: (1) health, (2) sexuality and family planning, (3) life skills, (4) maternal role, and (5) social support systems.
Comparison conditions Comparison group members received traditional public health nursing services, consisting of three home visits: one at intake, one for prenatal care, and one for postpartum/well-baby care information.
Subgroups examined This field lists subgroups examined in the manuscript (even if they were not replicated in other samples and not reported on the summary page for this model’s report).
Subgroups are not listed for manuscripts reviewed before 2021.
Funding sources National Institutes of Nursing Research, Grants R0-1 NR02325 and NR02325-S1, and the Office of Research on Women’s Health, Grant NR02325-S2.
Author affiliation The authors are developers of this model.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed status is not listed for manuscripts reviewed before 2021.

Findings that rate moderate or high

Child health
Rating Outcome measure Effect Sample Timing of follow-up Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
High Birth weight
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardin o sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Mean = 3280430.00 Mean = 3206430.00 Mean difference = 74.00 HomVEE calculated = 0.04 Statistical significance not reported
High Additional days of rehospitalization
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Number of days = 23.00 Number of days = 36.00 Difference = -13.00 Not available Statistically significant, p = 0.046

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

High Percentage premature
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample Intrapartum 121 mothers Percentage = 0.03 Mean % = 0.08 Mean difference = -0.05 HomVEE calculated = -0.62 Statistical significance not reported
High Total number of days for birth-related infant hospitalization
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Number of days = 91.00 Number of days = 110.00 Difference = -19.00 Not available Not statistically significant, p = 0.07

footnote101

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

High Total number of days for infant re-hospitalization during the first 6 weeks of life
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Number of days = 114.00 Number of days = 146.00 Difference = -32.00 Not available Statistically significant, p = 0.01

footnote101

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

Family economic self-sufficiency
Rating Outcome measure Effect Sample Timing of follow-up Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
High Positive education outcome
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Not available Not available Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p < 0.009

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

High Positive education transitions
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Not available Not available Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p =0.02

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

Maternal health
Rating Outcome measure Effect Sample Timing of follow-up Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
High External social competence
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Mean = 80.18 Mean = 77.11 Mean difference = 3.07 HomVEE calculated = 0.40 Statistically significant, p =0.03

footnote106

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Information on outcomes was received through communication with the authors.

footnote107

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Although the treatment group has a higher mean, the authors report that the comparison group showed a significantly greater gain on this measure.

High Internal social competence
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Mean = 70.68 Mean = 66.97 Mean difference = 3.71 HomVEE calculated = 0.28 Not statistically significant, p > 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

footnote106

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Information on outcomes was received through communication with the authors.

High Number of prenatal health problems
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Mean = 0.64 Mean = 0.72 Mean difference = -0.08 HomVEE calculated = -0.03 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

High Substance use
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Not available Not available Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

High Total number of prenatal visits
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardion sample 6 weeks postpartum 121 mothers Mean = 9.69 Mean = 9.34 Mean difference = 0.35 HomVEE calculated = 0.03 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Positive parenting practices
Rating Outcome measure Effect Sample Timing of follow-up Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
Moderate NCAST mother’s score
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample, NCAST sample 6 weeks postpartum 97 mothers Not available Not available Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Moderate NCAST total score
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample, NCAST sample 6 weeks postpartum 97 mothers Mean = 39.31 Mean = 41.40 Mean difference = -2.09 HomVEE calculated = -0.28 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

footnote106

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Information on outcomes was received through communication with the authors.