Olds, D. L., Kitzman, H. J., Cole, R. E., Hanks, C. A., Arcoleo, K. J., Anson, E. A., Luckey, D. W., Knudtson, M. D., Henderson, C. R., Bondy, J., & Stevenson, A. J. (2010). Enduring effects of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses on maternal life course and government spending: Follow-up of a randomized trial among children at age 12 years. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 164(5), 419-424
Manuscript Detail
Model(s) Reviewed: Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
| Screening decision | Screening conclusion |
|---|---|
| Passes screens | Eligible for review |
| Rating | Design | Attrition | Baseline equivalence | Reassignment | Confounding factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Randomized controlled trial | Low | Established for race/ethnicity. Significant differences in SES, but controlled in analyses. | None | None |
Notes:
In 2020, HomVEE updated this review to remove three mother's partnership status/family structure findings from the Family Economic Self-Sufficiency domain because ACF determined that mother's partnership status is ineligible for review by HomVEE.
| Study participants | The authors recruited women from the obstetric and pediatric care public system. A total of 743 pregnant women were enrolled and randomly assigned to treatment (228 women) or comparison (515 women). At the study’s onset, 92 percent of women in the sample were African American, 98.1 percent were unmarried, 64.1 percent were younger than 19 years, and 85 percent were living in households with incomes below the federal poverty threshold. For the 12-year follow-up, 594 women were interviewed. This sample is the same as that described in Kitzman et al. (2010) and reports on different outcomes from those described in that study. |
|---|---|
| Setting | Memphis, TN |
| Intervention services | Mothers in the nurse-visited condition were provided home visiting from pregnancy through their child’s second birthday, and the same assessment and referrals and transportation services provided to those in the comparison group. |
| Comparison conditions | Mothers in the comparison group were provided developmental screening and referral services for their child at age 6, 12, and 24 months, and free transportation for scheduled prenatal care. |
| Staff characteristics and training | All home visitors were nurses. No other information on training is provided. |
| Funding sources | This project was supported by grant 1R01MH68790-01 from the National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, and by grant 2004-52854-CO-JS0 from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. |
| Author affiliation | David L. Olds, a study author, is a developer of this model. |
Findings details
| Rating | Outcome measure | Effect | Sample | Timing of follow-up | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Use of AFDC-TANF | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis | 0 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 4.97 | Adjusted mean = 5.47 | Mean difference = -0.50 | HomeVEE calculated = -3.03 | Statistically significant, p < .05 | |
| High | Time employed, in months | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 10 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 7.10 | Adjusted mean = 7.77 | Mean difference = -0.67 | HomeVEE calculated = -2.62 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Time employed, in months | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 2 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 4.50 | Adjusted mean = 4.64 | Mean difference = -0.14 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.99 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Use of AFDC-TANF | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 10 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 3.75 | Adjusted mean = 3.97 | Mean difference = -0.22 | HomeVEE calculated = -13.10 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Use of food stamps | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 0 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 6.27 | Adjusted mean = 6.86 | Mean difference = -0.59 | HomeVEE calculated = -3.90 | Statistically significant, p < .05 | |
| High | Use of food stamps | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 10 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 4.46 | Adjusted mean = 5.06 | Mean difference = -0.60 | HomeVEE calculated = -2.65 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Use of Medicaid | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 0 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 8.08 | Adjusted mean = 8.39 | Mean difference = -0.31 | HomeVEE calculated = -1.88 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Use of Medicaid | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 10 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 6.02 | Adjusted mean = 6.23 | Mean difference = -0.21 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.81 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Rating | Outcome measure | Effect | Sample | Timing of follow-up | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 6 months to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.04 | Adjusted mean = 99.60 | Mean difference = 1.44 | HomeVEE calculated = 4.30 | Statistically significant, p < .05 | |
| High | Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 12-year follow-up | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.07 | Adjusted mean = 99.56 | Mean difference = 1.51 | HomeVEE calculated = 2.80 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Alcohol or other drug use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 12-year follow-up | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 10.00 | Adjusted mean % = 10.00 | OR = 0.91 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.05 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Cumulative subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 0 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.07 | Adjusted mean = 1.15 | Mean difference = -0.08 | HomeVEE calculated = -1.69 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Cumulative subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 10 to 12 years | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.80 | Adjusted mean = 1.83 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.42 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Role impairment due to alcohol or drug use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 12-year follow-up | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 0.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | Difference = -0.03 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < .05 | |
| High | Symptoms of psychological distress (borderline/clinical vs. normal) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 12-year follow-up | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 18.00 | Adjusted mean % = 17.00 | OR = 1.09 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.05 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Rating | Outcome measure | Effect | Sample | Timing of follow-up | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Child foster care placements | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 0 to 12 years | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 12.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | OR = 3.33 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.72 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Rating | Outcome measure | Effect | Sample | Timing of follow-up | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Intimate partner violence | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 12-year follow-up | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 22.00 | Adjusted mean % = 21.00 | OR = 1.06 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Maternal arrests | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 0 to 12 years | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 49.00 | Adjusted mean % = 36.00 | OR = 1.36 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.32 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| High | Mother jailed | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 12-year follow-up | 594 mothers | % (adjusted) = 13.00 | Adjusted mean % = 13.00 | OR = 0.97 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Description of measure | Data collection method | Properties of measure |
|---|---|---|---|
Time employed, in months |
Count of the number of months the mother was employed from child age 2 to 12 years | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Use of AFDC-TANF |
Count of the number of months per year the mother Aid to Families with Dependent Children and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families from birth through child age 12 years | Review of state records supplemented by parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Use of food stamps |
Count of the number of months per year the mother received food stamps from birth through child age 12 years | Review of state records supplemented by parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Use of Medicaid |
Count of the number of months per year the mother received Medicaid from birth through age child age 12 years | Review of state records supplemented by parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
| Outcome measure | Description of measure | Data collection method | Properties of measure |
|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol or other drug use |
Percentage of mothers that had consumed 3 or more alcoholic drinks 3 or more times per month in the last year or used marijuana or cocaine since the last interview at age 9 years of the child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Cumulative subsequent births |
An index that reflects the number and timing of subsequent births | Parent/caregiver report | Not reported by author |
Pearlin Mastery Scale |
Mother’s sense of mastery reported from child age 6 months to 12 years. The Pearlin Mastery Scale assesses the degree to which a person has a sense of mastery or control over their life. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Role impairment due to alcohol or drug use |
Percentage of mothers that experienced any impairment in role functioning (at work, with friends, or with family members) due to use of alcohol and other drugs since the last interview at child age 9 years | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Symptoms of psychological distress (borderline/clinical vs. normal) |
Mother’s symptoms of psychological distress (borderline or clinical vs. normal) | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
| Outcome measure | Description of measure | Data collection method | Properties of measure |
|---|---|---|---|
Child foster care placements |
Count of the number of the mother’s children that had been placed in foster care | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
| Outcome measure | Description of measure | Data collection method | Properties of measure |
|---|---|---|---|
Intimate partner violence |
Percentage of mothers that had experienced any physical intimate partner violence between the child’s 9th-year and 12th-year interviews | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Maternal arrests |
Count of the number of times the mother had been arrested from birth through child age 12 years | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Mother jailed |
Percentage of mothers that had been jailed through child age 12 | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |