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Koniak-Griffin, D., Anderson, N. L., Brecht, M. L., Verzemnieks, I., Lesser, J., & Kim, S. (2002). Public health nursing care for adolescent mothers: Impact on infant health and selected maternal outcomes at 1 year postbirth. Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 30(1), 44–54.

Manuscript screening details
Screening decision Screening conclusion HomVEE procedures and standards version
Passes screens Eligible for review Version 1
Study design details
Rating Design Attrition Baseline equivalence Compromised randomization Confounding factors Valid, reliable measure(s)
Moderate Randomized controlled trial High Established on race/ethnicity, SES, and baseline outcomes. None None Not assessed in manuscripts reviewed before 2021
Study characteristics
Study participants Participants were recruited via referrals to a county public health department and assigned randomly to either the intervention or the comparison group. Initially 144 mothers were randomly assigned, 75 to the treatment group and 69 to the comparison group (information obtained from authors). One hundred twenty-one young mothers and their children participated in the study. Sixty-two were assigned to the intervention group, and 59 were assigned to the comparison group. At the one-year follow-up 102 adolescent mothers participated in the study, 55 in the intervention group and 47 in the comparison group. Most were poor, unmarried, and expecting their first child. Mothers ranged in age from 14 to 19 years old at intake (26 weeks or less gestation). Sixty-four percent of the mothers were Latina, 11 percent were African American, and 19 percent were white. Participants were followed from pregnancy through six weeks postpartum. Note: This study contains the same sample as Koniak-Griffin et al. (1999, 2000).
Setting The study was conducted in San Bernardino County, California, a large, ethnically diverse county adjacent to Los Angeles.
Intervention services The intervention included a combination of home visits and motherhood preparation classes, both conducted by specially trained public health nurses. The intervention began in mid-pregnancy and continued through the first year of the infant’s life. Participants received approximately 17 home visits by a public health nurse. Each visit lasted between two and two and a half hours. In addition, participants attended four “Preparation for Motherhood” classes lasting six hours each. In addition, The intervention covered five main content areas: (1) health, (2) sexuality and family planning, (3) life skills, (4) maternal role, and (5) social support systems.
Comparison conditions Comparison group members received traditional public health nursing services, consisting of three home visits: one at intake, one for prenatal care, and one for postpartum/well-baby care information.
Subgroups examined This field lists subgroups examined in the manuscript (even if they were not replicated in other samples and not reported on the summary page for this model’s report).
Subgroups are not listed for manuscripts reviewed before 2021.
Funding sources National Institutes of Nursing Research, Grants R0-1 NR02325 and NR02325-S1, and the Office of Research on Women’s Health, Grant NR02325-S2.
Author affiliation The authors are developers of this model.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed status is not listed for manuscripts reviewed before 2021.

Findings that rate moderate or high

Child health
Rating Outcome measure Effect Sample Timing of follow-up Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
Moderate Number of episodes of hospitalizations
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Number of episodes = 14.00 Number of episodes = 24.00 Difference = -10.00 Not available Statistically significant, p =0.03

footnote101

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

Moderate Number of infant ER visits
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Number of visits = 90.00 Number of visits = 80.00 Difference = 10.00 Not available Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Moderate Percentage of children adequately immunized
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Percentage = 0.96 Mean % = 0.86 Mean difference = 0.10 HomVEE calculated = 0.83 Statistically significant, p < 0.05

footnote101

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

Moderate Percentage of children hospitalized
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Percentage = 0.22 Mean % = 0.28 Mean difference = -0.06 HomVEE calculated = -0.19 Statistical significance not reported
Moderate Total number of days of nonbirth-related infant hospitalization
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Number of days = 74.00 Number of days = 154.00 Difference = -80.00 Not available Statistically significant, p < 0.001

footnote101

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Statistical significance is based on the results of the authors’ analysis using a chi-square test.

Maternal health
Rating Outcome measure Effect Sample Timing of follow-up Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
Moderate CES-D (depression)
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Mean = 14.53 Mean = 15.33 Mean difference = -0.80 HomVEE calculated = -0.09 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Moderate PSS (perceived stress)
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Mean = 24.40 Mean = 23.55 Mean difference = 0.85 HomVEE calculated = 0.13 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Moderate RSEI (self-esteem)
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Mean = 32.73 Mean = 31.07 Mean difference = 1.66 HomVEE calculated = 0.37 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Moderate Repeat pregnancy rate
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample One year postpartum 102 mothers Not available Not available Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Positive parenting practices
Rating Outcome measure Effect Sample Timing of follow-up Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
Moderate NCAST child’s score
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample, NCAST sample One year postpartum 93 mothers Mean = 19.33 Mean = 19.16 Mean difference = 0.17 HomVEE calculated = 0.09 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Moderate NCAST mother’s score
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample, NCAST sample One year postpartum 93 mothers Mean = 34.04 Mean = 33.05 Mean difference = 0.00 HomVEE calculated = 0.25 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.

Moderate NCAST total score
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
San Bernardino sample, NCAST sample One year postpartum 93 mothers Mean = 53.36 Mean = 52.20 Mean difference = 1.16 HomVEE calculated = 0.25 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

footnote102

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Authors report whether the groups are significantly different or not, but do not report actual p-values.