HomVEE calculated significance
Statistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations.
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Last updated: 2019
Effects shown in research & outcome measure details
Maternal health
Findings rated high
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parent feeling average | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
8-10 weeks | Tribal community two, Washington State | 5 mothers | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parent feeling average | Average score based on answers to several questions about feelings experienced over the past 24 hours. |
Participant report |
Not reported |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental health - Anxiety: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 2.56 | Unadjusted mean = 2.56 | MD = 0.00 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
|
Mental health - Depression: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 2.01 | Unadjusted mean = 2.02 | MD = -0.01 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.95 |
HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Mental health - Emotional stability: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 3.75 | Unadjusted mean = 3.74 | MD = 0.01 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.90 |
HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Mental health - Positive well-being: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years |
Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample |
300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 3.78 | Unadjusted mean = 3.79 | MD = -0.01 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.90 |
HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental health - Anxiety: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
The RAND Mental Health Inventory (MHI) Survey consists of 37 measures of respondent core functioning and well-being. |
Parent report |
Properties not reported by author. |
|
Mental health - Depression: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
The RAND Mental Health Inventory (MHI) Survey consists of 37 measures of respondent core functioning and well-being. |
Parent report |
Properties not reported by author. |
|
Mental health - Emotional stability: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
The RAND Mental Health Inventory (MHI) Survey consists of 37 measures of respondent core functioning and well-being. |
Parent report |
Properties not reported by author. |
|
Mental health - Positive well-being: Mental Health Inventory (MHI) |
The RAND Mental Health Inventory (MHI) Survey consists of 37 measures of respondent core functioning and well-being. |
Parent report |
Properties not reported by author. |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anxiety (MHI), 24 months postpartum, standardized | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.10 | Adjusted mean = 100.30 | Mean difference = -1.20 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Depression (MHI), 24 months postpartum, standardized | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.50 | Adjusted mean = 100.10 | Mean difference = -0.06 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 66.80 | Adjusted mean = 67.50 | Mean difference = -0.70 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote9This mean difference, calculated by <abbr title="Home Visiting Evidence of Effectiveness">HomVEE</abbr>, is within |0.01| of the difference reported by the authors, with the discrepancy likely due to rounding error. |
| Gestational weight gain | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 14.60 | Adjusted mean = 14.90 | Mean difference = -0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Number of Gardnerella infections | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.06 | Adjusted mean = 0.07 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of hospitalizations during pregnancy | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.15 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = 0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of sexually transmitted diseases | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.22 | Adjusted mean = 0.21 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of yeast infections | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.14 | Adjusted mean = 0.19 | Mean difference = -0.05 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Obstetrical evaluation visits (total) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 2.80 | Adjusted mean = 2.80 | Mean difference = 0.00 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote9This mean difference, calculated by <abbr title="Home Visiting Evidence of Effectiveness">HomVEE</abbr>, is within |0.01| of the difference reported by the authors, with the discrepancy likely due to rounding error. |
| Pearlin Mastery, 24 months postpartum, standardized | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.60 | Adjusted mean = 99.40 | Mean difference = 2.20 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
|
| Pregnancy-induced hypertension (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | % (adjusted) = 13.00 | Adjusted mean % = 20.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.31 | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
| Spontaneous abortion, 0–24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | OR = 1.50 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.32 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
| Standard prenatal care visits (total) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 6.20 | Adjusted mean = 6.50 | Mean difference = -0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Subsequent live birth, 0–24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 22.00 | Adjusted mean % = 31.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.28 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
| Subsequent pregnancy, 0-24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 36.00 | Adjusted mean % = 47.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.28 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
| Systolic blood pressure | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36th week of pregnancy | Full (Memphis) | 916 mothers | Adjusted mean = 111.70 | Adjusted mean = 112.60 | Mean difference = -0.90 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Therapeutic abortion, 0–24 months postpartum (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
2 years postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 671 mothers | % (adjusted) = 2.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | OR = 0.50 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.43 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote6The odds ratio compares the nurse-visited group to the comparison. |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MHI: Anxiety MHI: Depression |
The MHI assesses mental health in the areas of anxiety, depression, behavior, positive affect, and general distress. The researchers used the assessment to examine anxiety and depression in the sample. | Parent/caregiver report | Not reported by author |
|
Diastolic blood pressure |
The mother’s diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) upon admission for labor | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Gestational weight gain |
The amount of weight the mother gained over the course of her pregnancy in kilograms | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Number of Gardnerella infections |
The number of diagnosed Gardnerella infections after the mother was randomized to a treatment condition | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Number of hospitalizations during pregnancy |
The number of mother hospitalizations that occurred during pregnancy | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Number of sexually transmitted diseases |
The number of diagnosed sexually transmitted diseases after the mother was randomized to a treatment condition. The count includes diagnoses of Neisseria gonorrheas, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis. | Parent/caregiver medical examination | Not applicable |
|
Number of yeast infections |
The number of diagnosed yeast infections after the mother was randomized to a treatment condition | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Obstetrical evaluation visits |
The total number of obstetrical evaluation visits the mother received | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Pearlin Mastery Scale |
The Pearlin Mastery Scale assesses the degree to which a person has a sense of mastery or control over their life. | Parent/caregiver report | Not reported by author |
|
Pregnancy-induced hypertension |
Percentage of mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension. The outcome includes cases of preeclampsia, eclampsia, toxemia, and pregnancy-induced hypertension. | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Spontaneous abortion |
Percentage of mothers who had a spontaneous abortion 0–24 months postpartum | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Standard prenatal care visits |
The total number of standard prenatal care visits the mother received | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent live birth |
Percentage of mothers who had a subsequent live birth 0–24 months postpartum | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent pregnancy |
Percentage of mothers who had a subsequent pregnancy 0–24 months postpartum | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Systolic blood pressure |
The mother’s systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) upon admission for labor | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Therapeutic abortion |
Percentage of mothers who had a therapeutic abortion 0–24 months postpartum | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of months between birth or first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 30.25 | Adjusted mean = 26.60 | Mean difference = 3.65 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.01 |
|
| Number of subsequent live births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.85 | Adjusted mean = 0.96 | Mean difference = -0.11 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
| Number of subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.15 | Adjusted mean = 1.34 | Mean difference = -0.19 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
|
| Number of subsequent pregnancies with short intervals (< 6 months from previous delivery or termination) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.22 | Adjusted mean = 0.32 | Mean difference = -0.10 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of subsequent spontaneous abortions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Mean difference = -0.12 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of subsequent still births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.01 | Adjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of subsequent therapeutic abortions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
3-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 646 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Mean difference = -0.05 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote3Authors report the difference in this outcome to be statistically significant, p < 0.10, which is greater than the acceptable alpha for this review (α = 0.05). |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of months between birth of first and second child |
Number of months that passed between the birth of the mother’s first and second child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent live births |
The number of subsequent live births experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies with short intervals |
The number of pregnancies where conception occurred less than 6 months from the previous delivery or termination | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent spontaneous abortions |
Number of subsequent spontaneous abortions experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent stillbirths |
Number of subsequent stillbirths experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent therapeutic abortions |
Number of subsequent therapeutic abortions experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average weight gain (pounds) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Prepregnancy to last prenatal visit | Full (Elmira) | 289 mothers | Mean = 35.71 | Mean = 32.78 | Mean difference = 2.93 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Bladder infection (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 306 mothers | Mean % = 10.00 | Mean % = 6.00 | Mean difference = 4.00 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.34 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Change in average adequacy of diet (percentage RDA) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to week 32 | Full (Elmira) | 253 mothers | Mean = 4.14 | Mean = -0.33 | Mean difference = 3.81 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
|
| Change in blood pressure | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to last prenatal visit | Full (Elmira) | 295 mothers | Mean = 7.60 | Mean = 7.13 | Mean difference = -0.47 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Change in percentage experienced bleeding | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
First to third trimester | Full (Elmira) | 295 mothers | = 0.00 | = 0.05 | Mean difference = 5.00 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote150High score equals unfavorable. |
| Change in percentage experienced spotting | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
First to third trimester | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | = -0.03 | = -0.06 | Mean difference = -3.00 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.40 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Edema (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 62.00 | Mean % = 58.00 | Mean difference = 0.04 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.10 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Hematocrit (percentage, last before delivery) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 36.76 | Mean % = 36.67 | Mean difference = 0.09 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 4.00 | Mean % = 7.00 | Mean difference = -3.00 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.36 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Kidney infection (percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 306 mothers | Mean % = 0.00 | Mean % = 3.00 | Mean difference = -3.00 | Not available | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.01 |
|
| Number alcoholic drinks per week (average change) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to week 32 | Full (Elmira) | 293 mothers | Mean = -0.04 | Mean = -0.06 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Number of antepartum visits | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
32 weeks | Full (Elmira) | 292 mothers | Mean = 10.49 | Mean = 10.50 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Number of calls to physician/clinic | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
32 weeks | Full (Elmira) | 292 mothers | Mean = 1.43 | Mean = 1.72 | Mean difference = -0.29 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | |
| Proteinuria (≥ 2+, percentage) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
Enrollment to delivery | Full (Elmira) | 308 mothers | Mean % = 5.00 | Mean % = 3.00 | Mean difference = 2.00 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.32 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Average weight gain |
The change in reported weight (pounds) from early to late pregnancy | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Bladder infection |
Percentage of mothers who had diagnosed bladder infections, including urinary tract infections not identified specifically as kidney infections | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Change in average adequacy of diet |
The change from early to late pregnancy in the reported average percentage of RDAs consumed by mothers | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Change in blood pressure |
The change in reported blood pressure (diastolic mm Hg) from early to late pregnancy | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Change in percentage experienced bleeding |
The percentage change from early to late pregnancy in the proportion of women reporting that they experienced bleeding | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Change in percentage experienced spotting |
The percentage change from early to late pregnancy in the proportion of women reporting that they experienced spotting | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Edema |
Percentage of mothers who had an edema | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Hematocrit |
The percentage of blood volume that is populated by red blood cells as measured prior to delivery | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy |
Percentage of mothers diagnosed with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Kidney infection |
Percentage of mothers who had diagnosed kidney infections | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
|
Number alcoholic drinks per week |
The average change from early to late pregnancy in the number of drinks mothers reported consuming per week | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of antepartum visits |
Number of antepartum visits to a physician | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of calls to physician/clinic |
Number of antepartum calls to a physician or clinic | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Proteinuria |
The proportion of respondents with a score greater than or equal to 2+ on a test assessing the presence of proteins in the mother’s urine. Protein is measured on a 6-point scale, with a range of values from 0 to 4+. | Review of medical records | Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol or other drug use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 10.00 | Adjusted mean % = 10.00 | OR = 0.91 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.05 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Cumulative subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
0 to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.07 | Adjusted mean = 1.15 | Mean difference = -0.08 | HomeVEE calculated = -1.69 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Cumulative subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
10 to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.80 | Adjusted mean = 1.83 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.42 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.07 | Adjusted mean = 99.56 | Mean difference = 1.51 | HomeVEE calculated = 2.80 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
| Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6 months to 12 years | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.04 | Adjusted mean = 99.60 | Mean difference = 1.44 | HomeVEE calculated = 4.30 | Statistically significant, p < .05 |
| Role impairment due to alcohol or drug use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 0.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | Difference = -0.03 | Not available | Statistically significant, p < .05 |
| Symptoms of psychological distress (borderline/clinical vs. normal) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
12-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and infancy and development screening comparison (Memphis) | 594 mothers | %(adjusted) = 18.00 | Adjusted mean % = 17.00 | OR = 1.09 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.05 | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol or other drug use |
Percentage of mothers that had consumed 3 or more alcoholic drinks 3 or more times per month in the last year or used marijuana or cocaine since the last interview at age 9 years of the child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Cumulative subsequent births |
An index that reflects the number and timing of subsequent births | Parent/caregiver report | Not reported by author |
|
Pearlin Mastery Scale |
Mother’s sense of mastery reported from child age 6 months to 12 years. The Pearlin Mastery Scale assesses the degree to which a person has a sense of mastery or control over their life. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Role impairment due to alcohol or drug use |
Percentage of mothers that experienced any impairment in role functioning (at work, with friends, or with family members) due to use of alcohol and other drugs since the last interview at child age 9 years | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Symptoms of psychological distress (borderline/clinical vs. normal) |
Mother’s symptoms of psychological distress (borderline or clinical vs. normal) | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MHI | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.18 | Adjusted mean = 99.92 | Mean difference = 0.26 | Study reported = 0.03 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.76 |
|
| Behavioral problems attributable to substance abuse | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 4.00 | Adjusted mean % = 4.00 | OR = 0.94 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.03 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.88 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Currently uses marijuana | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | OR = 1.37 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.19 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.47 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks = 3 times per month) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 5.00 | Adjusted mean % = 3.00 | OR = 2.03 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.44 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.11 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Months between births of first and second children | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 34.38 | Adjusted mean = 30.23 | Mean difference = 4.15 | Study reported = 0.26 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
|
| Number of subsequent children (birth to 72 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.08 | Adjusted mean = 1.28 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Study reported = -0.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
|
| Number of subsequent pregnancies (birth to 72 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.16 | Adjusted mean = 1.38 | Mean difference = -0.22 | Study reported = -0.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
|
| Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.46 | Adjusted mean = 99.79 | Mean difference = 0.67 | Study reported = 0.07 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.43 |
|
| Subsequent abortion (rate per subsequent pregnancy) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 4.00 | Adjusted mean % = 5.00 | OR = 0.70 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.23 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.42 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Subsequent miscarriage (rate per subsequent pregnancy) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
6-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 641 mothers | % (adjusted) = 3.00 | Adjusted mean % = 5.00 | OR = 0.75 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.27 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.50 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MHI |
The MHI assesses mental health in the areas of anxiety, depression, behavior, positive affect, and general distress. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Behavioral problems attributable to substance abuse |
Percentage of mothers who had behavioral problems, such as traffic violations, poor performance at work, or compromised care of the child, that were attributable to the use of substances | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Currently uses marijuana |
Percentage of mothers who currently used marijuana | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Moderate/heavy drinker |
Percentage of mothers who had at least three drinks at a time at least three times per month | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Months between births of first and second children |
Number of months that passed between the birth of the mother’s first and second child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent children |
The number of subsequent children born to the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Pearlin Mastery Scale |
The Pearlin Mastery Scale assesses the degree to which a person has a sense of mastery or control over their life. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent abortion |
Rate of abortion per subsequent pregnancy experienced by the mothers | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent miscarriage |
Rate of miscarriage per subsequent pregnancy experienced by the mothers | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cumulative subsequent live birth per year (6–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy during infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.40 | Adjusted mean = 1.53 | Mean difference = -0.13 | Study reported = -0.16 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.17 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Cumulative subsequent live births per year (0–9 yr postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.81 | Adjusted mean = 0.93 | Mean difference = -0.12 | Study reported = -0.14 | Statistically significant, p < 0.05 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Maternal depression (CES-D) (9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.71 | Adjusted mean = 1.72 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Study reported = -0.01 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Number of months between birth of first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 40.73 | Adjusted mean = 34.09 | Mean difference = 6.64 | Study reported = 0.29 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Number of subsequent abortions | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.14 | Adjusted mean = 0.20 | Mean difference = -0.06 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.15 |
footnote4Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio. |
| Number of subsequent miscarriages (0–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.24 | Adjusted mean = 0.24 | Mean difference = 0.00 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
footnote4Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio. |
| Number of substances used (moderate/heavy alcohol, marijuana, cocaine) since last interview | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.17 | Mean difference = -0.07 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.08 |
footnote4Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculation of incidence ratio. |
| Pearlin Mastery Scale (9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 100.79 | Adjusted mean = 99.75 | Mean difference = 1.04 | Study reported = 0.10 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.20 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Pearlin Mastery Scale (6 months–9 years postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.00 | Adjusted mean = 99.50 | Mean difference = 1.53 | Study reported = 0.15 | Statistically significant, p < 0.01 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
| Subsequent still birth (0–9 years postpartum), percentage | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
9-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and developmental screening comparison (Memphis) | 627 mothers | % (adjusted) = 1.00 | Adjusted mean % = 2.00 | Mean difference = -1.00 | Study reported = 1.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.36 |
footnote2Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the odds ratio. |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
CES-D: Maternal depression |
The CES-D is a 20-item assessment of depressive symptoms. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Cumulative subsequent live births per year |
Rate of subsequent births per year experienced by the mothers | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of months between birth of first and second child |
Number of months that passed between the birth of the mother’s first and second child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent abortions |
Number of subsequent abortions experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent miscarriages |
Number of subsequent miscarriages experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of substances used |
A count of substances used that included at least three drinks of alcohol at least three times per, month in the past year, use of marijuana, and use of cocaine since the child was age 6 | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Pearlin Mastery Scale |
The Pearlin Mastery Scale assesses the degree to which a person has a sense of mastery or control over their life. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent stillbirth |
Percentage of mothers who experienced a subsequent stillbirth | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subsequent birth (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 436 mothers | % (adjusted) = 12.00 | Adjusted mean % = 19.00 | OR = 0.58 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.33 | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
| Subsequent pregnancy (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 436 mothers | % (adjusted) = 29.00 | Adjusted mean % = 41.00 | OR = 0.60 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.32 | Statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05 |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Subsequent births |
The number of subsequent births experienced by the mother |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Subsequent pregnancy |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Use of emergency services |
A summary variable of the families’ use of emergency services, including emergency housing and emergency food banks |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Use of preventative services |
A summary variable of the families’ use of ancillary preventative services, including mental health, legal aid, drug/alcohol treatment, childbirth classes, rent and utility assistance, education, and employment |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MHI | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.82 | Adjusted mean = 99.16 | Mean difference = 0.66 | Study reported = 0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.49 |
| Behavioral problems attributable to substance use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.15 | = 0.12 | OR = 1.27 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.15 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.41 |
| Currently using marijuana | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.08 | = 0.09 | OR = 0.86 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.09 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.67 |
| Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks, = 3 times in 14 days) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.04 | = 0.04 | OR = 1.09 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.84 |
| Months between births of first and second children | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 24.51 | Adjusted mean = 20.39 | Mean difference = 4.12 | Study reported = 0.32 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 |
| Number of subsequent live births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.48 | Adjusted mean = 0.57 | Mean difference = -0.09 | Study reported = -0.13 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.18 |
| Number of subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.85 | Adjusted mean = 0.88 | Mean difference = -0.03 | Study reported = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.72 |
| Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | Adjusted mean = 99.41 | Adjusted mean = 99.31 | Mean difference = 0.10 | Study reported = 0.12 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.91 |
| Subsequent abortion | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.05 | = 0.05 | OR = 0.94 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.89 |
| Subsequent miscarriage | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 424 mothers | = 0.09 | = 0.12 | OR = 0.73 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.19 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.31 |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MHI |
The MHI assesses mental health in the areas of anxiety, depression, behavior, positive affect, and general distress. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Behavioral problems attributable to substance use |
A measure of the extent to which use of alcohol and drugs interfered with the mother’s daily functioning | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Currently using marijuana |
Percentage of mothers who were currently using marijuana | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks, = 3 times in 14 days) |
Percentage of mothers who had at least three drinks at a time at least three times in the previous 14 days | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Months between births of first and second children |
Number of months that passed between the birth of the mother’s first and second child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent live births |
The number of subsequent births experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Pearlin Mastery Scale |
The Pearlin Mastery Scale assesses the degree to which a person has a sense of mastery or control over their life. | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent abortion |
Rate of abortion per subsequent pregnancy experienced by the mothers | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent miscarriage |
Rate of miscarriage per subsequent pregnancy experienced by the mothers | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence of substance use impairments | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.34 | Adjusted mean = 0.43 | Mean difference = -0.09 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Months between birth of first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 41.70 | Adjusted mean = 37.30 | Mean difference = 4.40 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
| Months between birth of first and second child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 39.80 | Adjusted mean = 37.30 | Mean difference = 2.50 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.40 | Adjusted mean = 1.60 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Subsequent births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.30 | Adjusted mean = 1.60 | Mean difference = -0.30 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
| Subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.90 | Adjusted mean = 2.10 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 245 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.70 | Adjusted mean = 2.10 | Mean difference = -0.40 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 |
|
| Substance use impairments since birth of first child | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 227 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.45 | Adjusted mean = 0.43 | Mean difference = 0.02 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Incidence of substance use impairments |
A scale summarizing the counts of behavioral impairments (e.g., missing work, motor vehicle crash) reported by women resulting from their use of alcohol and illegal drugs. The researchers examined both the total score from the scale and the incidence of impairments in the sample. | Parent/caregiver report | Not reported by author |
|
Months between birth of first and second child |
Number of months that passed between the birth of the mother’s first and second child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent births |
The number of subsequent births experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Subsequent pregnancies |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Substance use impairments since birth of first child |
A scale summarizing the counts of behavioral impairments (e.g., missing work, motor vehicle crash) reported by women resulting from their use of alcohol and illegal drugs. The researchers examined both the total score from the scale and the incidence of impairments in the sample. | Parent/caregiver report | Not reported by author |
171
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of births including first born (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 216 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.65 | Adjusted mean = 1.85 | Mean difference = -0.20 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of births including first born (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 203 mothers | Adjusted mean = 1.77 | Adjusted mean = 1.85 | Mean difference = -0.08 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Number of months between first and second child (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 216 mothers | Adjusted mean = 40.76 | Adjusted mean = 37.11 | Mean difference = 3.65 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of months between first and second child (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 203 mothers | Adjusted mean = 41.58 | Adjusted mean = 37.11 | Mean difference = 4.47 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Number of pregnancies (0–22 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 188 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.31 | Adjusted mean = 0.44 | Mean difference = -0.13 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Number of pregnancies (0–22 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
22 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 196 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.38 | Adjusted mean = 0.44 | Mean difference = -0.06 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of pregnancies (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 205 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.82 | Adjusted mean = 1.06 | Mean difference = -0.24 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of pregnancies (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 194 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.90 | Adjusted mean = 1.06 | Mean difference = -0.16 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Number of spontaneous abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 205 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.10 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = -0.03 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of spontaneous abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 194 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.12 | Adjusted mean = 0.13 | Mean difference = -0.01 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported | |
| Number of therapeutic abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) | 205 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05 | footnote1Statistical significance reported on authors’ calculations of the log-incidence difference. |
| Number of therapeutic abortions (0–46 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
46 months, postpartum | Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) | 194 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.05 | Adjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = 0.01 | Not available | Statistical significance not reported |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of births, including firstborn |
The number of births experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of months between first and second child |
Number of months that passed between the birth of the mother’s first and second child | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of pregnancies |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of spontaneous abortions |
The number of spontaneous abortions experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Number of therapeutic abortions |
The number of therapeutic abortions experienced by the mother | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
260
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subsequent birth (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 417 mothers | % (adjusted) = 13.00 | Adjusted mean % = 19.00 | OR = 0.63 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.27 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 | footnote3Authors report the difference in this outcome to be statistically significant, p < 0.10, which is greater than the acceptable alpha for this review (α = 0.05). |
| Subsequent pregnancy (24 months postpartum) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
24 months | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 417 mothers | % (adjusted) = 33.00 | Adjusted mean % = 41.00 | OR = 0.70 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.21 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 | footnote3Authors report the difference in this outcome to be statistically significant, p < 0.10, which is greater than the acceptable alpha for this review (α = 0.05). |
| Use of emergency services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 344 mothers | % (adjusted) = 9.00 | Adjusted mean % = 9.00 | OR = 1.01 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
|
| Use of preventative services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 344 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.67 | Adjusted mean = 0.69 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Subsequent births |
The number of subsequent births experienced by the mother |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Subsequent pregnancy |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Use of emergency services |
A summary variable of the families’ use of emergency services, including emergency housing and emergency food banks |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Use of preventative services |
A summary variable of the families’ use of ancillary preventative services, including mental health, legal aid, drug/alcohol treatment, childbirth classes, rent and utility assistance, education, and employment |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
Findings rated moderate
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall stress | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
8-10 weeks | Tribal community two, Washington State | 5 mothers | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall stress | Participant's overall stress level in the past 24 hours. |
Participant report |
Not reported |
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol impairment score | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | 300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 0.35 | Unadjusted mean = 0.37 | MD = -0.02 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.02 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 | HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Substance use - # cigarettes smoked per day | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | 300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 8.32 | Unadjusted mean = 10.56 | MD = -2.24 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.21 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.11 | HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
| Substance use - binge drinking: # days had 5+ drinks in the past year | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 years | Nurse-visited group 4 vs. comparison groups 1 and 2, Elmira sample | 300 mothers | Unadjusted mean = 11.70 | Unadjusted mean = 9.27 | MD = 2.43 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.65 | HomVEE calculated significanceStatistical significance is based on HomVEE calculations. |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol impairment score | Not reported |
Not reported |
Properties not reported by author. | |
Substance use - # cigarettes smoked per day |
Mothers in the study were asked to report the number of cigarettes they smoked per day in the past year. |
Parent report |
Properties not reported by author. |
|
Substance use - binge drinking: # days had 5+ drinks in the past year |
Mothers in the study were asked to report how many times in the past year they'd consumed at least five drinks in a single drinking episode. |
Parent report |
Properties not reported by author. |
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Use of emergency services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 353 mothers | % (adjusted) = 6.00 | Adjusted mean % = 9.00 | OR = 0.64 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.27 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
| Use of preventative services | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
36 weeks (prenatal) | Nurse home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 353 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.80 | Adjusted mean = 0.69 | Mean difference = 0.11 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.09 | Not statistically significant, p > 0.05 |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Use of emergency services |
A summary variable of the families’ use of emergency services, including emergency housing and emergency food banks | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
|
Use of preventative services |
A summary variable of the families’ use of ancillary preventative services, including mental health, legal aid, drug/alcohol treatment, childbirth classes, rent and utility assistance, education, and employment | Parent/caregiver report | Not applicable |
Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)®
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 year maternal mortality rate - all causes (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.01 | Unadjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.69 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
| 21 year maternal mortality rate - all causes (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.01 | Unadjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.03 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.69 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
| 21 year maternal mortality rate - all causes (Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 910 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.04 | Mean difference = -0.04 | HomeVEE calculated = -1.41 | Statistically significant, p = 0.01 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
| 21 year maternal mortality rate - external cause (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.01 | HomeVEE calculated = -1.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.02 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
| 21 year maternal mortality rate - external cause (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 1138 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.01 | HomeVEE calculated = -1.22 | Statistically significant, p = 0.02 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
| 21 year maternal mortality rate - external cause (Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
21 years | Nurse home visits during pregnancy plus 2 postpartum visits vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison (Memphis) | 910 mother/child dyads | Unadjusted mean = 0.00 | Unadjusted mean = 0.02 | Mean difference = -0.02 | Not available | Not statistically significant, p = 0.05 | footnote162Negative value is favorable to the intervention. |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
21 year maternal mortality rate - all causes (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) |
Percentage of mothers dying from any cause | Administrative records (National Death Index) | Not applicable |
|
21 year maternal mortality rate - external cause (Nurse home visits during pregnancy and infancy vs. transport to prenatal appointment comparison) |
Percentage of mothers dying from external causes (including drug overdose, suicide, unintentional injuries, and homicide) | Administrative records (National Death Index) | Not applicable |
NFP with Paraprofessional Home Visitors
Show findings details
| Outcome measure | Effect | Follow-up timing | Sample | Sample size | Intervention group | Comparison group | Group difference | Effect size | Statistical significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MHI | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.20 | Adjusted mean = 99.16 | Mean difference = 0.66 | Study reported = -0.03 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 |
| Behavioral problems attributable to substance use | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.10 | = 0.12 | OR = 0.82 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.12 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.52 |
| Currently using marijuana | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison, (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.09 | = 0.09 | OR = 0.94 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.04 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.87 |
| Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks, = 3 times in 14 days) | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.03 | = 0.04 | OR = 0.74 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.21 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.54 |
| Months between births of first and second children | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 22.20 | Adjusted mean = 20.39 | Mean difference = 1.81 | Study reported = 0.14 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.27 |
| Number of subsequent live births | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.53 | Adjusted mean = 0.57 | Mean difference = -0.04 | Study reported = -0.06 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.57 |
| Number of subsequent pregnancies | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 0.88 | Adjusted mean = 0.88 | Mean difference = 0.00 | Study reported = 0.00 | Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
| Pearlin Mastery Scale | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | Adjusted mean = 101.20 | Adjusted mean = 99.31 | Mean difference = 1.94 | Study reported = 0.20 | Statistically significant, p = 0.03 |
| Subsequent abortion | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.06 | = 0.05 | OR = 1.19 | HomeVEE calculated = 0.10 | Not statistically significant, p = 0.67 |
| Subsequent miscarriage | FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
4-year follow-up | Paraprofessional home visitor and comparison (Denver) | 431 mothers | = 0.07 | = 0.12 | OR = 0.50 | HomeVEE calculated = -0.42 | Statistically significant, p = 0.04 |
Show outcome measure summary
| Outcome measure | Outcome measure description | Collection method | Properties | Operations links |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MHI |
The MHI assesses mental health in the areas of anxiety, depression, behavior, positive affect, and general distress. |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Behavioral problems attributable to substance use |
A measure of the extent to which use of alcohol and drugs interfered with the mother’s daily functioning |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Currently using marijuana |
Percentage of mothers who were currently using marijuana |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Moderate/heavy drinker (= 3 drinks, = 3 times in 14 days) |
Percentage of mothers who had at least three drinks at a time at least three times in the previous 14 days |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Months between births of first and second children |
Number of months that passed between the birth of the mother’s first and second child |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent live births |
The number of subsequent births experienced by the mother |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Number of subsequent pregnancies |
The number of subsequent pregnancies experienced by the mother |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Pearlin Mastery Scale |
The Pearlin Mastery Scale assesses the degree to which a person has a sense of mastery or control over their life. |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Subsequent abortion |
Rate of abortion per subsequent pregnancy experienced by the mothers |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |
|
Subsequent miscarriage |
Rate of miscarriage per subsequent pregnancy experienced by the mothers |
Parent/caregiver report |
Not applicable |