Alcohol and drug impairment (mother report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15 year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 0.28 |
Adjusted mean = 0.18 |
Mean difference = -0.10 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.68 |
|
Alcohol and drug impairment (mother report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
277 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 0.20 |
Adjusted mean = 0.18 |
Mean difference = 0.02 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.96 |
|
Alcohol impairment (self-report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 0.47 |
Adjusted mean = 0.52 |
Mean difference = -0.05 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.35 |
|
Alcohol impairment (self-report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 0.50 |
Adjusted mean = 0.52 |
Mean difference = -0.02 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.95 |
|
Ever had sexual intercourse |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
% (adjusted) = 35.00 |
Adjusted mean % = 35.00 |
Mean difference = 0.00 |
HomeVEE calculated = 0.00 |
Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
|
Ever pregnant or made someone pregnant |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
% (adjusted) = 4.00 |
Adjusted mean % = 3.00 |
Mean difference = 1.00 |
HomeVEE calculated = 0.18 |
Not statistically significant, p = 1.00 |
|
Ever pregnant or made someone pregnant |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
% (adjusted) = 2.00 |
Adjusted mean % = 3.00 |
Mean difference = -1.00 |
HomeVEE calculated = -0.25 |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.97 |
|
Incidence of sex partners (number) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 1.16 |
Adjusted mean = 1.56 |
Mean difference = -0.40 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.90 |
|
Incidence of sex partners (number) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 1.10 |
Adjusted mean = 1.56 |
Mean difference = -0.46 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.48 |
|
Incidence–cigarettes smoked per day |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 1.28 |
Adjusted mean = 1.30 |
Mean difference = -0.02 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.76 |
|
Incidence–cigarettes smoked per day |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 0.91 |
Adjusted mean = 1.30 |
Mean difference = -0.39 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.49 |
|
Incidence–days drank alcohol |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 1.81 |
Adjusted mean = 1.57 |
Mean difference = 0.24 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.97 |
|
Incidence–days drank alcohol |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 1.87 |
Adjusted mean = 1.57 |
Mean difference = -0.30 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.96 |
|
Incidence–days used drugs |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 3.55 |
Adjusted mean = 2.28 |
Mean difference = 1.27 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.49 |
|
Incidence–days used drugs |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 2.04 |
Adjusted mean = 2.28 |
Mean difference = -0.24 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.54 |
|
Incidence–times ran away (self report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 0.34 |
Adjusted mean = 0.29 |
Mean difference = 0.05 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.07 |
|
Incidence–times ran away (self-report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 0.23 |
Adjusted mean = 0.29 |
Mean difference = -0.06 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.83 |
|
Number of acting out problems (teacher report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 9.47 |
Adjusted mean = 9.61 |
Mean difference = -0.14 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.85 |
|
Number of acting out problems (teacher report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 8.97 |
Adjusted mean = 9.61 |
Mean difference = -0.64 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.41 |
|
Number of externalizing problems (self-report and mother report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 13.88 |
Adjusted mean = 13.73 |
Mean difference = 0.15 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.89 |
|
Number of externalizing problems (self-report and mother report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 13.65 |
Adjusted mean = 13.73 |
Mean difference = -0.08 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.95 |
|
Number of internalizing problems |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 11.66 |
Adjusted mean = 10.58 |
Mean difference = 1.08 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.19 |
|
Number of internalizing problems |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 11.19 |
Adjusted mean = 10.58 |
Mean difference = 0.61 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.46 |
|
Number of minor antisocial acts (self-report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy + infancy and comparison (Elmira) |
245 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 2.88 |
Adjusted mean = 2.99 |
Mean difference = -0.11 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.86 |
|
Number of minor antisocial acts (self-report) |
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect |
15-year follow-up |
Nurse visited during pregnancy and comparison (Elmira) |
227 adolescents |
Adjusted mean = 2.54 |
Adjusted mean = 2.99 |
Mean difference = -0.45 |
Not available |
Not statistically significant, p = 0.50 |
|