Early Head Start—Home-based option Meets HHS Criteria

Model effectiveness research report last updated: 2016

Effects shown in research

Maternal health

Findings rated high

Early Head Start Home-based option
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Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance
Subsequent birth by 24 months after random assignment
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
28 months after assignment EHS-HBO impact sample 941 mothers % = 21.80 % = 24.70 Mean difference = -2.90 Study reported = -0.07 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
Early Head Start Home-based option
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Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance
FES: Family conflict
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
24 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 966 mothers Adjusted mean = 1.70 Adjusted mean = 1.70 Mean difference = 0.00 Study reported = -0.12 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
PSI Parent-Child dysfunctional interaction
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
24 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 966 mothers Adjusted mean = 17.10 Adjusted mean = 17.50 Mean difference = -0.40 Study reported = -0.07 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
PSI parental distress
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
24 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 966 mothers Adjusted mean = 25.10 Adjusted mean = 26.20 Mean difference = -1.10 Study reported = -0.11 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05

Findings rated moderate

Early Head Start Home-based option
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Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
Parent depression
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Age 5 Home-based program approach Not reported Not reported Not reported Study reported = -0.08 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
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Negative value favors the intervention.
Someone in household had alcohol/drug problem in past year
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Age 5 Home-based program approach Not reported Not reported Not reported Study reported = -0.04 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
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Negative value favors the intervention.
Early Head Start Home-based option
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Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance
FES: Family conflict
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
36 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 950 mothers Adjusted mean = 1.70 Adjusted mean = 1.70 Mean difference = 0.00 Study reported = -0.01 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
PSI Parent-Child dysfunctional interaction
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
36 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 950 mothers Adjusted mean = 17.50 Adjusted mean = 18.10 Mean difference = -0.60 Study reported = -0.10 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
PSI Parental distress
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
36 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 950 mothers Adjusted mean = 24.90 Adjusted mean = 26.30 Mean difference = -1.40 Study reported = -0.14 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
Early Head Start Home-based option
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Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance
CIDI short screening scales: Major depression (probability)
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
24 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 966 mothers Adjusted mean = 14.70 Adjusted mean = 12.00 Mean difference = 2.80 Study reported = 0.09 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
Parent’s health status
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
24 months postpartum EHS-HBO impact sample 966 mothers Adjusted mean = 3.40 Adjusted mean = 3.40 Mean difference = 0.00 Study reported = 0.00 Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
Early Head Start Infant Mental Health Home-Based Services Adaptation (IMH-HB EHS)
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Outcome measure Effect Follow-up timing Sample Sample size Intervention group Comparison group Group difference Effect size Statistical significance Notes
PSI: parent-child dysfunctional interaction
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3 and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
PSI: parental distress
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3 and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p ≥ 0.05
F-COPES: cognitive reframing
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p >0.10
F-COPES: seeking support from family and friends
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p >0.10
F-COPES: seeking support from neighbors
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p<0.05
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Comparison group was more likely to seek neighbor support. P-value reported by the author was based on an F-test of repeated measure analysis.
F-COPES: seeking support from service providers
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p >0.10
F-COPES: spiritual coping
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Not statistically significant, p > 0.10
McMaster FAD: healthy functioning
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p<0.01
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IMH-HB EHS group had higher scores on healthy functioning. P-value reported by the author was based on an F-test of repeated measure analysis.
McMaster FAD: unhealthy functioning
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p<0.01
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IMH-HB EHS group had lower scores on unhealthy functioning. P-value reported by the author was based on an F-test of repeated measure analysis.
Pearlin Mastery, age 7
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Age 7 0 Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p<0.05
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IMH-HB EHS group showed higher levels of perceived mastery. P-value reported by the author was based on an F-test of repeated measure analysis.
PES: attitudes
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p<0.01
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IMH-HB EHS group had higher levels of empowerment based on reported attitudes. P-value reported by the author was based on an F-test of repeated measure analysis.
PES: skills & knowledge
FavorableUnfavorable or ambiguousNo Effect
Pooled (ages 3, 5, and 7) Full sample Not reported Not reported Not reported Not available Statistically significant, p<0.01
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IMH-HB EHS group had higher levels of empowerment based on reported knowledge and skills. P-value reported by the author was based on an F-test of repeated measure analysis.
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