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This table summarizes the effects found in research across program models. The rows for models that meet DHHS criteria for an “evidence-based early childhood home visiting service delivery model” are lightly shaded. Outcomes with a favorable impact are listed in green and outcomes with an unfavorable or ambiguous impact are listed in red. Outcomes that have high attrition or lack of baseline equivalence are excluded from this report. The Summary of Findings table reports only findings with a high or moderate rating.
Favorable Impact: A statistically significant impact on an outcome measure in a direction that is beneficial for children and parents. This impact could statistically be positive or negative, and is determined “favorable” based on the end result. For example, a favorable impact could be an increase in children's vocabulary or daily reading to children by parents, or a reduction in harsh parenting practices or maternal depression.
Unfavorable or Ambiguous Impact: A statistically significant impact on an outcome measure in a direction that may indicate potential harm to children and/or parents. This impact could statistically be positive or negative, and is determined “unfavorable or ambiguous” based on the end result. NOTE: While some outcomes are clearly unfavorable, for other outcomes it is not as clear which direction is desirable. For example, an increase in children’s behavior problems is clearly unfavorable, while an increase in number of days mothers are hospitalized is more ambiguous. This may be viewed as an unfavorable impact because it indicates that mothers have more health problems, but it could also indicate that mothers have increased access to needed health care due to their participation in a home visiting program.
Primary Outcome Measure: For the HomVEE review, an outcome measured through direct observation, direct assessment, or administrative data; or self-reported data collected using a standardized (normed) instrument.
Secondary Outcome Measure: For the HomVEE review, most self-reported data, excluding self-reports based on a standardized (normed) instrument.
